6. Substructure

This section covers the substructure components that support the bridge superstructure, including piers, foundations, and piles.

Substructure elements are essential for load transfer from the superstructure to the ground. Each component must be properly dimensioned for the design loads.

Components to Model

Component	Description
Pier	Pier caps and columns supporting the bearings
Foundation	Rectangular footings for load distribution
Pile	Deep foundation elements beneath footings

Substructure Elements

• Pier Caps: Horizontal members that distribute loads from bearings to columns
• Pier Columns: Vertical members transferring loads from caps to foundations
• Rectangular Footings: Spread footings for foundation support
• Piles: Deep foundation elements for load transfer to bearing strata

Model Views

Pier Cap

Pier Column

Foundation

Complete Substructure