Strong Rock [Turner, 2006]

The p-y relationship is bilinear, defined by Eqn. (1) and Eqn. (2) , extending until it reaches the ultimate resistance in Eqn. (3). If pu is attained, a brittle fracture is assumed.

(1)

(2)

(3)

where, p = horizontal resistance per unit length y = horizontal displacement b = diameter of the shaft Su = one half of the qu, unconfined compressive strength pu = ultimate resistance per unit length

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[Turner, 2006] Turner, J. P. (2006). Rock-socketed shafts for highway structure foundations, volume 360. Transportation Research Board.