Uniform Temperature Load [CSB]

Normally, two distinct scenarios should be generated with two stages for contraction and expansion.

Bridge: Choose the bridge to automatically apply the temperature load on all deck and girder components.

Applied Elements [Superstructure/Superstructure and Substructure]: Selects which parts of the bridge receive the uniform temperature change. Superstructure applies it to the deck and girder components only; Superstructure and Substructure also applies it to the piers, columns, and other substructure elements.

Stage: Choose a stage to apply the uniform temperature loading.

Temperature Change From Mean: When dealing with expansion, it is necessary to input a positive temperature value, whereas a negative temperature value should be utilized for contraction.