# End Diaphragm \[PIG]

End Diaphragms can be modeled using this section of OpenBrIM.

**Diaphragm Location \[Start/End]**: The diaphragm’s location can either be defined using the options **Start** or **End** or by manually specifying the station where the diaphragm will be placed.

**Connected Girders**: The girders connected by the end diaphragms can be specified using this parameter.

**Depth**: The depth of the diaphragm along the **Z-axis** can be specified using this parameter.

**Additional Overhang Length Transverse Dir. (Left):** When looking along the PGL, the distance between the centerline of the leftmost girder and the left edge of the diaphragm in the transverse direction can be specified using this parameter.

**Additional Overhang Length Transverse Dir. (Right):** Similar to the left side, this parameter specifies the distance from the centerline of the rightmost girder to the right edge of the diaphragm.

**Thickness (Downstation w\.r.t. Support Line):** The thickness of the diaphragm when measured **downstation** from the support line can be defined with this parameter.

**Thickness (Upstation w\.r.t. Support Line):** This parameter defines the thickness of the diaphragm when measured **upstation** from the support line.

**Material**: Assign a material for the diaphragm. Materials can either be imported or selected from those previously defined under the **Properties** section.

![image-20241019-144153.png](https://openbrim.atlassian.net/wiki/download/attachments/2726756575/image-20241019-144153.png?api=v2)

![image-20241019-144954.png](https://openbrim.atlassian.net/wiki/download/attachments/2726756575/image-20241019-144954.png?api=v2)

## FEM

The properties of finite element model of the End Diaphragm can be defined by the parameters listed below.

**Cap Connection \[Yes/No]**: If this parameter is set to **Yes**, the FEBeam of the End Diaphragm will be generated to connect both the bearing and the deck separately to the diaphragm. If set to **No**, the FEBeam will only connect the bearing and the diaphragm.

**Cap Connection Type \[Rigid/Pin]**: When the **Cap Connection** parameter is set to **Yes**, the connection type can be specified using this parameter. If the **Cap Connection** parameter is set to **No**, this parameter will be marked as **Not Applicable (N/A)**.

**Rigid Section (Cap Connection):** Section used for the rigid link between the diaphragm and the supporting pier cap when Cap Connection is enabled.

**Deck Connection \[Yes/No]**: Users can specify whether the FEBeam of the diaphragm will connect to the deck by selecting **Yes** or **No** from the available options.


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