Cantilever Abutment [SIG]

Abutments on OpenBrIM currently have the Generate FEM (Finite Element Model) option set to 'NO'. However, abutments can still be modeled in 3D and 2D with parametric dependencies to closely represent the actual conditions of the bridge.

General

Location: The location of the abutments can be determined by the chosen support lines.

Orientation [Front/Back]: Orientation can be used for defining the directional placement of abutments, ensuring they align correctly with the overall bridge structure.

Adsız tasarım (6).png

Transverse Offset: The transverse offset value can be specified to further define the bridge location. The transverse offset refers to the offset measured along the support line.

When working with a support line that has a skew angle greater than 0 in OpenBrIM, it is important for users to specify the transverse offset(T) along the support line, not along the PGL(Y).

Adsız tasarım (14).png

The positive direction of the Y-axis will be to the left when looking upstream along the PGL. However, based on the requests of engineers who have been using OpenBrIM for their bridge projects, positive transverse offset values will indicate the right-hand side when looking upstream along the PGL. This distinction should be taken into account when defining the location of bridge elements using transverse offset values (where positive transverse offset indicates the right side), as well as when making definitions related to FEM and loading (where positive Fy indicates the left side along the PGL).

Longitudinal Offset: The longitudinal offset value can be specified to offset the abutment with respect to the longitudinal (along PGL) direction. A negative value would mean offsetting the abutment in the downstation direction, while a positive value would mean offsetting the abutment in the upstation direction.

Adsız tasarım (12).png

Material: Assign a material to the abutment. Materials can be selected from previously defined options or imported as needed.

Seat

Geometry Source [Parameters/Section]: This parameter specifies how the seat geometry is defined. When 'Parameters' is selected, the seat is defined using width and length parameters. When 'Section' is selected, the seat uses a predefined section profile.

Section: The section of the seat can be specified.

Adsız tasarım (16).png

For abutment sections, the left–right reference is defined by standing behind the abutment and looking forward in the direction of the bridge axis.

  • Width: The width of seat/back-wall can be specified using this parameter along the transverse direction (perpendicular to PGL). For a visual representation, refer to the screenshots below.

  • Depth: The elevation of the bottom of the modeled abutment can be specified using this depth parameter of section. The elevation data should be defined with respect to the Global Coordinate System, where 0 represents the level of PGL (the vertical elevation data considered). The depth parameter is referenced starting from the PGL.

Paragraf metniniz (6).png
Paragraf metniniz (5).png

Width: The width of the seat/back-wall can be specified using this parameter along the transverse direction (perpendicular to PGL). For the visual presentation, refer to the width value in the section title.(The seat/back-wall width input can be used only when the seat/back-wall section is null).

Length: The Length of the seat/back-wall in the longitudinal direction can be specified using this parameter. For a visual representation, refer to the screenshots below.

Paragraf metniniz (8).png

Override Top Elevation: This is used to override the upper portion of the seat/back-wall section. When defined, it allows you to enter a top-elevation value.

Top Elevation: The top seat/back-wall geometry can be overridden using the parameters listed below..

  • Length: Starting from the right when looking upstation along the PGL, the length in the transverse direction for the tot ep vetionation can be defined by this parameter to further specify its variation.

  • Elevation: This parameter represents the initial elevation of the seat/back-wall based on the defined length.

  • Geometry Option [Flat/Sloped]: The elevation can either remain constant throughout the defined length or vary as a slope.

  • Elevation 1: For sloped sections, a second elevation value can be defined for the initial point of the specified length.

Paragraf metniniz (10).png
image-20251114-100329.png
Paragraf metniniz (15).png

For abutment sections, the left–right reference is defined by standing behind the abutment and looking forward in the direction of the bridge axis.

Override Bottom Elevation: This is used to override the bottom portion of the seat/back-wall section. When defined, it allows you to specify a bottom-elevation value.

Bottom Elevation: The bottom seat/back-wall geometry can be overridden using the parameters listed below..

  • Length: Starting from the right when looking upstation along the PGL, the length in the transverse direction forto ehevotion elevation can be defined by this parameter to further specify its variation.

  • Elevation: This parameter represents the initial elevation of the seat/back-wall based on the defined length.

  • Geometry Option [Flat/Sloped]: The elevation can either remain constant throughout the defined length or vary as a slope.

  • Elevation 1: For sloped sections, a second elevation value can be defined for the initial point of the specified length.

Paragraf metniniz (12).png
image-20251114-102906.png

Back Wall

Geometry Source [Parameters/Section]: This parameter specifies how the back wall geometry is defined. When 'Parameters' is selected, the back wall is defined using width and length parameters. When 'Section' is selected, the back wall uses a predefined section profile.

Section: The section of the back wall can be specified.

Width (Perpendicular to pgl): The width of the back wall in the transverse direction (perpendicular to PGL).

Length: The length of the back wall in the longitudinal direction.

Right/Left Wing Wall

Wing Wall[YES/NO]: This parameter indicates whether it will be a wing wall. Section: The section of the wing wall can be specified.

image-20251117-105914.png

For abutment sections, the left–right reference is defined by standing behind the abutment and looking forward in the direction of the bridge axis.

  • Top Slope Option[Slope/From Alignment]: This defines the option for the wing wall’s top slope. If ‘Slope’ is selected, the value can be entered manually. If ‘From Alignment’ is selected, the slope is taken from the alignment.

  • Depth: This specifies the depth of the wing wall on the abutment side.Paragraf metniniz (16).png

Length: The length of the wing wall in the longitudinal direction can be specified using this parameter.

Paragraf metniniz (17).png

Longitudinal Offset: The longitudinal offset value specifies the wing wall's position relative to the longitudinal (along PGL) direction. A negative value offsets the wing wall in the downstation direction, while a positive value offsets it in the upstation direction.

Paragraf metniniz (18).png

Transverse Offset: This offsets the Wing Wall in the direction of the backwall.

Paragraf metniniz (19).png

Angle of Start Face Plane: This specifies the plane angle to the geometry of the wing wall’s start points.

Angle of End Face Plane: This specifies the plane angle to the geometry of the wing wall’s end points.

Paragraf metniniz (32).png

Angle: This specifies the angle based on the point where it intersects the abutment.

Paragraf metniniz (33).png

Rotation Angle: This parameter specifies the rotation angle of the wing wall around its longitudinal axis.

Adjust Bottom Elevation with Bottom Elevation of Backwall [YES/NO]: This matches the bottom elevation of wing wall with the bottom elevation of the backwall.

Bottom Elevation: This displays the Bottom Elevation of the Wing Wall as read-only.

Paragraf metniniz (23).png

3D Visualization

Right/Left Chamfer[YES/NO]: This parameter indicates whether it will be a chamfer.

Right/Left Chamfer Width: This specifies the width in the direction of the abutment.

Right/Left Chamfer Length: This specifies the length in the direction of the wing wall.

Paragraf metniniz (24).png

Right/Left Chamfer Depth: This specifies depth from the top of wing wall.

Right/Left Chamfer Vertical Offset: This specifies the offset from the top of wing wall.

Paragraf metniniz (25).png

Right Chamfer Transverse Offset: This specifies the transverse offset of the right chamfer from the wing wall.

Left Chamfer Transverse Offset: This specifies the transverse offset of the left chamfer from the wing wall.

Quantities

Total Top Face Area :

Paragraf metniniz (27).png

Total Bottom Face Area:

Paragraf metniniz (29).png

Total Surface Area: All visible areas of the object shown in the visual representation below (In the visual representation below, the seat and back wall are treated as a single solid for the area calculation).

Paragraf metniniz (31).png

Wing Wall Quantities

Max Height Left Wing Wall: The maximum height of the left wing wall.

Min Height Left Wing Wall: The minimum height of the left wing wall.

Length Left Wing Wall: The length of the left wing wall.

Thickness Left Wing Wall: The thickness of the left wing wall.

Max Height Right Wing Wall: The maximum height of the right wing wall.

Min Height Right Wing Wall: The minimum height of the right wing wall.

Length Right Wing Wall: The length of the right wing wall.

Thickness Right Wing Wall: The thickness of the right wing wall.

Seat Quantities

Seat Max Depth: The maximum depth of the seat.

Seat Min Depth: The minimum depth of the seat.

Seat Thickness: The thickness of the seat.

Back Wall Quantities

Back Wall Max Depth: The maximum depth of the back wall.

Back Wall Min Depth: The minimum depth of the back wall.

Back Wall Thickness: The thickness of the back wall.

General Quantities

Volume: The total volume of the abutment.

Rebar Density (per cubic foot): The rebar density used for calculating the rebar weight of the abutment.

Rebar Weight: The calculated rebar weight based on the rebar density and abutment volume. (Read-only)

Weight: The total weight of the abutment. (Read-only)

Material (Read-Only): Displays the assigned material for the abutment.

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